Education

Research Description

Dr. Schwartz's research interests include processing-structure-property relationships and failure mechanisms in superconducting materials and systems, multiferroic/optical-magneto-electric thin films and devices, topological insulators, and other functional oxides. He focuses on the scientific challenges in transitioning a new material into a technologically functional material.

Publications

Modeling of Quench Behavior of YBa2Cu3O7-delta Pancake Magnets and Distributed-Temperature-Sensing-Based Quench Detection for Operating Temperature 30-77 K

Zhou, J., Chan, W. K., & Schwartz, J. (2019), IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, 29(1). https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2018.2874423

Mixed-dimensional modeling of delamination in rare earth-barium-copperoxide coated conductors composed of laminated high-aspect-ratio thin films

Gao, P. F., Chan, W. K., Wang, X. Z., & Schwartz, J. (2018), Superconductor Science & Technology, 31(7).

Quench detection criteria for YBa2Cu3O7-delta coils monitored via a distributed temperature sensor for 77 K cases

Zhou, J., Chan, W. K., & Schwartz, J. (2018), IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 28(5).

Densification of thoria through flash sintering

Straka, W., Amoah, S., & Schwartz, J. (2017), MRS Communications, 7(3), 677–682.

Effects of metallic coatings on the thermal sensitivity of optical fiber sensors at cryogenic temperatures

Scurti, F., McGarrahan, J., & Schwartz, J. (2017), Optical Materials Express, 7(6), 1754–1766.

Improved stability, magnetic field preservation and recovery speed in (RE)Ba2Cu3Ox-based no-insulation magnets via a graded-resistance approach

Chan, W. K., & Schwartz, J. (2017), Superconductor Science & Technology, 30(7).

Optical fiber distributed sensing for high temperature superconductor magnets

Scurti, F., & Schwartz, J. (2017), In 2017 25th international conference on optical fiber sensors (ofs) (Vol. 10323).

Self-monitoring 'SMART' (RE) Ba2Cu3O7-x conductor via integrated optical fibers

Scurti, F., Sathyamurthy, S., Rupich, M., & Schwartz, J. (2017). Self-monitoring ’SMART’ (RE) Ba2Cu3O7-x conductor via integrated optical fibers. Superconductor Science & Technology, 30(11),

Self-organizing maps for pattern recognition in design of alloys

Jha, R., Dulikravich, G. S., Chakraborti, N., Fan, M., Schwartz, J., Koch, C. C., … Egorov, I. N. (2017), Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 32(10), 1067–1074.

Strain control of composite superconductors to prevent degradation of superconducting magnets due to a quench: I. Ag/Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox multifilament round wires

Ye, L. Y., Li, P., Jaroszynski, J., Schwartz, J., & Shen, T. M. (2017), Superconductor Science & Technology, 30(2).

Tensile fatigue behavior and crack growth in GdBa2Cu3O7-(x)/stainless-steel coated conductor grown via reactive co-evaporation

Rogers, S., & Schwartz, J. (2017), Superconductor Science & Technology, 30(4).

A Noncontact T-c evaluation technique using a Hall probe array

Song, K. J., Lim, J. C., Ko, R. K., Park, C., & Schwartz, J. (2017), IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 27(4).

Algorithms for design optimization of chemistry of hard magnetic alloys using experimental data

Jha, R., Dulikravich, G. S., Chakraborti, N., Fan, M., Schwartz, J., Koch, C. C., … Egorov, I. N. (2016), Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 682, 454–467.

Altered transport and metabolism of phenolic compounds in obesity and diabetes: implications for functional food development and assessment

Redan, B. W., Buhman, K. K., Novotny, J. A., & Ferruzzi, M. G. (2016), Advances in Nutrition, 7(6), 1090–1104.

Effects of room-temperature tensile fatigue on critical current and n-value of IBAD-MOCVD YBa2Cu3O7-x/Hastelloy coated conductor

Rogers, S., Chan, W. K., & Schwartz, J. (2016), Superconductor Science & Technology, 29(8).

Formation of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox/Ag multifilamentary metallic precursor powder-in-tube wires

Zhang, Y., Koch, C. C., & Schwartz, J. (2016), Superconductor Science & Technology, 29(12).

High critical current density Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox/Ag wire containing oxide precursor synthesized from nano-oxides

Zhang, Y., Johnson, S., Naderi, G., Chaubal, M., Hunt, A., & Schwartz, J. (2016), Superconductor Science & Technology, 29(9).

On the evolution of Cu-Ni-rich bridges of Alnico alloys with tempering

Fan, M., Liu, Y., Jha, R., Dulikravich, G. S., Schwartz, J., & Koch, C. C. (2016), Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 420, 296–302.

On the formation and evolution of Cu-Ni-rich bridges of alnico alloys with thermomagnetic treatment

Fan, M., Liu, Y., Jha, R., Dulikravich, G. S., Schwartz, J., & Koch, C. C. (2016), IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 52(8).

Quench degradation limit of multifilamentary Ag/Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox round wires

Ye, L. Y., Li, P., Shen, T. M., & Schwartz, J. (2016), Superconductor Science & Technology, 29(3).

Quench detection for high temperature superconductor magnets: A novel technique based on Rayleigh-backscattering interrogated optical fibers

Scurti, F., Ishmael, S., Flanagan, G., & Schwartz, J. (2016), Superconductor Science & Technology, 29(3).

Self-protection mechanisms in no-insulation (RE) Ba2Cu3Ox high temperature superconductor pancake coils

Wang, Y., Chan, W. K., & Schwartz, J. (2016), Superconductor Science & Technology, 29(4).

Underlying causes of the magnetic behavior in surface patterned NiFe2O4 thin films

Rasic, G., Vlahovic, B., & Schwartz, J. (2016), MRS Communications, 6(4), 397–401.

Viewpoint: Are no-insulation magnets a paradigm shift for high-field DC superconducting magnets?

Schwartz, J. (2016), Superconductor Science & Technology, 29(5).

Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x round wires with Ag/Al oxide dispersion strengthened sheaths: microstructure-properties relationships, enhanced mechanical behavior and reduced Cu depletion (vol 27, 095001, 2014)

Kajbafvala, A., Nachtrab, W., Wong, T., & Schwartz, J. (2015),

Current density and quench behavior of MgB2/Ga composite wires

Ishmael, S. A., Rogers, S., Hunte, F., Naderi, G., Roach, C., Straka, W., & Schwartz, J. (2015), IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 25(6).

Enhanced quench protection in REBa2Cu3O delta-7-based coils by enhancing three-dimensional quench propagation via thermally conducting electrical insulation

Phillips, M. R., Chan, W. K., & Schwartz, J. (2015), IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 25(5).

Magnetic field dependent stability and quench behavior and degradation limits in conduction-cooled MgB2 wires and coils

Ye, L. Y., Cruciani, D., Xu, M. F., Mine, S., Amm, K., & Schwartz, J. (2015), Superconductor Science & Technology, 28(3).

Microstructure and transport properties of epitaxial topological insulator Bi2Se3 thin films grown on MgO (100), Cr2O3 (0001), and Al2O3 (0001) templates

Lee, Y. F., Kumar, R., Hunte, F., Narayan, J., & Schwartz, J. (2015), Journal of Applied Physics, 118(12).

On the origin of coercivity reduction in surface patterned magnetic thin films

Rasic, G., & Schwartz, J. (2015), Physica Status Solidi. A, Applications and Materials Science, 212(2), 449–458.

A Three-dimensional fractal-based study of the effects of the complex interface between Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox filaments and the Ag matrix on the mechanical behavior of composite round wires

Sun, Z. H., Gou, X. F., & Schwartz, J. (2015), IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 25(5).

Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x round wires with Ag/Al oxide dispersion strengthened sheaths: Microstructure-properties relationships, enhanced mechanical behavior and reduced Cu depletion

Kajbafvala, A., Nachtrab, W., Wong, T., & Schwartz, J. (2014), Superconductor Science & Technology, 27(9).

Coercivity reduction in nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) thin films through surface patterning

Rasic, G., & Schwartz, J. (2014), IEEE Magnetics Letters, 5.

Evidence for topological surface states in epitaxial Bi2Se3 thin film grown by pulsed laser deposition through magneto-transport measurements

Lee, Y. F., Punugupati, S., Wu, F., Jin, Z., Narayan, J., & Schwartz, J. (2014), Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, 18(5), 279–285.

Magnetostriction measurement in thin films using laser Doppler vibrometry

Varghese, R., Viswan, R., Joshi, K., Seifikar, S., Zhou, Y., Schwartz, J., & Priya, S. (2014), Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 363, 179–187.

Multiscale studies of processing-microstructure-transport relationships in over- pressure processed Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox/Ag multifilamentary round wire

Naderi, G., & Schwartz, J. (2014), Superconductor Science & Technology, 27(11).

On the roles of Bi2Sr2CuOx intergrowths in Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox/Ag round wires: c-axis transport and magnetic flux pinning

Naderi, G., & Schwartz, J. (2014), Applied Physics Letters, 104(15).

Oxygen vacancy enhanced room-temperature ferromagnetism in Sr3SnO/c-YSZ/Si (001) heterostructures

Lee, Y. F., Wu, F., Narayan, J., & Schwartz, J. (2014), MRS Communications, 4(1), 7–13.

Statistical analysis of the relationship between electrical transport and filament microstructure in multifilamentary Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox/Ag/Ag-Mg round wires

Callaway, E. B., Naderi, G., Van Le, Q., & Schwartz, J. (2014), Superconductor Science & Technology, 27(4).

Structural and magnetic properties of sol-gel derived NiFe2O4 thin films on silicon substrates

Seifikar, S., Rawdanowicz, T., Straka, W., Quintero, C., Bassiri-Gharb, N., & Schwartz, J. (2014), Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 361, 255–261.

Synthesis of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox superconductors via direct oxidation of metallic precursors

Zhang, Y., Koch, C. C., & Schwartz, J. (2014), Superconductor Science & Technology, 27(5).

Thermal conductivity and dielectric properties of a TiO2-based electrical insulator for use with high temperature superconductor-based magnets

Ishmael, S. A., Slomski, M., Luo, H., White, M., Hunt, A., Mandzy, N., … Schwartz, J. (2014), Superconductor Science & Technology, 27(9).

Tunable electronic structure in dilute magnetic semiconductor Sr3SnO/c-YSZ/Si (001) epitaxial heterostructures

Lee, Y. F., Narayan, J., & Schwartz, J. (2014), Journal of Applied Physics, 116(16).

Two-dimensional peridynamic simulation of the effect of defects on the mechanical behavior of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox round wires

Le, Q. V., Chan, W. K., & Schwartz, J. (2014), Superconductor Science & Technology, 27(11).

A two-dimensional ordinary, state-based peridynamic model for linearly elastic solids

Le, Q. V., Chan, W. K., & Schwartz, J. (2014), International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 98(8), 547–561.

Effects of high magnetic field on the quench behavior of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox coils at 4.2 K

Ye, L. Y., Hunte, F., & Schwartz, J. (2013), Superconductor Science & Technology, 26(5).

Enhanced quench propagation in Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox and YBa2Cu3O7-x coils via a nanoscale doped-titania-based thermally conducting electrical insulator

Ishmael, S., Luo, H. J., White, M., Hunte, F., Liu, X. T., Mandzy, N., … Schwartz, J. (2013), IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 23(5).

Epitaxial integration of dilute magnetic semiconductor Sr3SnO with Si (001)

Lee, Y. F., Wu, F., Kumar, R., Hunte, F., Schwartz, J., & Narayan, J. (2013), Applied Physics Letters, 103(11).

Fractal analysis of the role of the rough interface between Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox filaments and the Ag matrix in the mechanical behavior of composite round wires

Gou, X. F., & Schwartz, J. (2013), Superconductor Science & Technology, 26(5).

Frontiers in thin film epitaxy and nanostructured materials introduction

Narayan, J., Schwartz, J., Goyal, A., Wang, H. Y., Jin, S. H., & Liao, X. Z. (2013), Journal of Materials Research, 28(13), 1625–1625.

High strength oxide dispersion strengthened silver aluminum alloys optimized for Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x round wire

Kajbafvala, A., Nachtrab, W., Kumar, R., Hunte, F., Wong, T., & Schwartz, J. (2013), Superconductor Science & Technology, 26(12).

Nanoimprint lithographic surface patterning of sol-gel fabricated nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4)

Rasic, G., & Schwartz, J. (2013), MRS Communications, 3(4), 207–211.

On the causes of degradation in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x round wires and coils by quenching at 4.2 K

Ye, L. Y., Cruciani, D., Effio, T., Hunte, F., & Schwartz, J. (2013), IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 23(5).

Optimized Growth of Heteroepitaxial (111) NiFe2O4 Thin Films on (0001) Sapphire with Two In-Plane Variants via Chemical Solution Deposition

Seifikar, S., Calandro, B., Rasic, G., Deeb, E., Yang, J. J., Bassiri-Gharb, N., & Schwartz, J. (2013), Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 96(10), 3050–3053.

Spatial and temporal resolution requirements for quench detection in (RE)Ba2Cu3Ox magnets using Rayleigh-scattering-based fiber optic distributed sensing

Chan, W. K., Flanagan, G., & Schwartz, J. (2013), Superconductor Science & Technology, 26(10).

Understanding processing-microstructure-properties relationships in Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox/Ag round wires and enhanced transport through saw-tooth processing

Naderi, G., Liu, X. T., Nachtrab, W., & Schwartz, J. (2013), Superconductor Science & Technology, 26(10).

Dispersion-strengthened silver alumina for sheathing Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x multifilamentary wire

Kajbafvala, A., Nachtrab, W., Lu, X. F., Hunte, F., Liu, X. T., Cheggour, N., … Schwartz, J. (2012), IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(1).

Dopant-controlled crystallization in metal-organic frameworks: The role of copper(II) in zinc 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate

Carson, C. G., Ward, J., Liu, X. T., Schwartz, J., Gerhardt, R. A., & Tannenbaum, R. (2012), Journal of Physical Chemistry. C, 116(29), 15322–15328.

Growth of (111) oriented NiFe2O4 polycrystalline thin films on Pt(111) via sol-gel processing

Seifikar, S., Tabei, A., Sachet, E., Rawdanowicz, T., Bassiri-Gharb, N., & Schwartz, J. (2012), Journal of Applied Physics, 112(6).

Influencing factors on the electrical transport properties of split-melt processed Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox round wires

Liu, X. T., Le, Q. V., & Schwartz, J. (2012), Superconductor Science & Technology, 25(7).

On the role of pre-existing defects and magnetic flux avalanches in the degradation of YBa2Cu3O7-x coated conductors by quenching

Song, H. H., Hunte, F., & Schwartz, J. (2012), Acta Materialia, 60(20), 6991–7000.

Structural and magnetic properties of biaxially textured NiFe2O4 thin films grown on c-plane sapphire

Seifikar, S., Calandro, B., Deeb, E., Sachet, E., Yang, J. J., Maria, J. P., … Schwartz, J. (2012), Journal of Applied Physics, 112(12).

Critical current degradation of short YBa2Cu3O7-delta coated conductor due to an unprotected quench

Wang, X., Trociewitz, U. P., & Schwartz, J. (2011), Superconductor Science & Technology, 24(3).

Effect of solidification conditions on partial melt processed Bi2212/Ag round wire

Nachtrab, W. T., Liu, X. T., Wong, T., & Schwartz, J. (2011), IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 21(3), 2795–2799.

Electrical and magnetic properties of Ga(1-x)Gd(x)N grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition

Gupta, S., Zaidi, T., Melton, A., Malguth, E., Yu, H. B., Liu, Z. Q., … Ferguson, I. T. (2011), Journal of Applied Physics, 110(8).

Numerical investigation of the quench behavior of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox wire

Arbelaez, D., Prestemon, S. O., Dietderich, D. R., Godeke, A., Ye, L., Hunte, F., & Schwartz, J. (2011), IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 21(3), 2787–2790.

Three-dimensional micrometer-scale modeling of quenching in high aspect ratio YBa2Cu3O7- coated conductor tapes. Part II: Influence of geometrical and material properties and implications for conductor engineering and magnet design

Chan, W. K., & Schwartz, J. (2011), IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 21(6), 3628–3634.

A predictive model of the temperature dependence of AC transport losses in (Bi, Pb)(2)Sr(2)Ca(2)Cu(3)O(x) tapes

Zhang, G. M., Lin, L. Z., Xiao, L. Y., Yu, Y. J., Schwartz, J., & Pamidi, S. V. (2011), Superconductor Science & Technology, 24(8).

Quench behavior of Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu2Ox/Ag tape with AC and DC transport currents and a comparison with YBa2Cu3Ox conductors

Zhang, G. M., Lin, L. Z., Xiao, L. Y., Yu, Y. J., Pamidi, S. V., & Schwartz, J. (2010), (Vol. 20, pp. 2146–2149).

Quench behavior of conduction-cooled YBa2Cu3O7-delta coated conductor pancake coils stabilized with brass or copper

Song, H. H., Gagnon, K., & Schwartz, J. (2010), Superconductor Science & Technology, 23(6).

Three-dimensional micrometer-scale modeling of quenching in high-aspect-ratioYBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) coated conductor tapes-Part I: Model development and validation

Chan, W. K., Masson, P. J., Luongo, C., & Schwartz, J. (2010), IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 20(6), 2370–2380.

Weibull analysis of the electromechanical behavior of AgMg sheathed Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x round wires and YBa2Cu3O7-delta coated conductors

Mbaruku, A. L., Le, Q. V., Song, H., & Schwartz, J. (2010), Superconductor Science & Technology, 23(11).

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Grants

Optical fiber integration into Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox/Ag/AgX and (RE)Ba2Cu3Ox superconducting coils

US Dept. of Energy (DOE)(6/13/16 - 3/12/17)

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Optical fiber integration into Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox/Ag/AgX and (RE)Ba2Cu3Ox superconducting coils

Sponsor: US Dept. of Energy (DOE)

Start Date: 6/13/16

End Date: 3/12/17

Abstract

The particle accelerators and detectors needed for future high energy physics devices require magnetic fields higher than those that can be produced by the low-temperature superconductor (LTS) technologies used in present-day superconducting magnets (SCMs). High temperature superconductor (HTS) materials, however, have the potential to generate very high magnetic fields, offering a technological pathway to next-generation devices. One important technological difference between LTS and HTS magnets is that the normal zone propagation in HTS conductors is 1-2 orders-of-magnitude slower than in LTS conductors. Thus, one of the key limiting factors for the implementation of HTS SCMs is the quench detection challenge. Here we propose a solution to this long-standing problem: a fast and effective quench detection system based on Rayleigh-scattering interrogated optical fibers (RIOFs), enabling the further advancement of HTS SCMs for high energy physics applications.

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Controlling microstructures and interfaces in co-fired dissimilar oxide thin films via electric field processing

National Science Foundation (NSF)(8/15/16 - 7/31/19)

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Controlling microstructures and interfaces in co-fired dissimilar oxide thin films via electric field processing

Sponsor: National Science Foundation (NSF)

Start Date: 8/15/16

End Date: 7/31/19

Abstract

The proposed work seeks to improve the functionality of heterogeneous multiferroic composites by mitigating interfacial diffusion of cations from the corresponding magnetostrictive and piezoelectric phases. For the magnetostrictive phase, we focus on nickel ferrite, building on previous results from NSF support. For the piezoelectric phase, two materials will be studied: PZT and HfO2. PZT is selected because it is the “standard” for PE materials today, and because the presence of Pb poses a significant scientific challenge. HfO2 is chosen because it has recently been shown to exhibit PE behavior in certain circumstances, and because it is the most chemically-simple PE material. Samples will be deposited by spin-coating, and co-firing will be studied via conventional means and via electric field processing. Thus we aim to study how EFP aids in the sintering of PZT, and in particular on reducing the required temperature to prevent Pb diffusion. EFP will also be used to prevent thermal shock to the HfO2 layer and create necessary HfO2 phase for ferroelectricity.

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Production of Nanostructured Core/Shell Powders for Exchange- Spring Magnet Applications

US Dept. of Energy (DOE) - Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)(6/01/15 - 2/29/16)

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Production of Nanostructured Core/Shell Powders for Exchange- Spring Magnet Applications

Sponsor: US Dept. of Energy (DOE) - Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)

Start Date: 6/01/15

End Date: 2/29/16

Abstract

The ARPA-E NESM project involves coating micron-scale, hard permanent magnet particles with a nanometer-scale, soft magnetic material in order to create a nano-exchange spring magnet (NESM) material. Such materials are being investigated as alternatives to rare earth containing permanent magnets and for high-temperature applications.

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YBCO Coated Conductor with an Integrated Optical Fiber Sensor

US Dept. of Energy (DOE)(6/08/15 - 3/31/16)

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YBCO Coated Conductor with an Integrated Optical Fiber Sensor

Sponsor: US Dept. of Energy (DOE)

Start Date: 6/08/15

End Date: 3/31/16

Abstract

Advanced magnet systems being designed for fusion devices and other applications would greatly benefit from the use of high-temperature superconductors (HTS). However, the HTS magnet designs currently suffer from the inability to rapidly detect a quench, raising the possibility that the magnet and associated systems can be damaged if preventative action is not takes fast enough. Most efforts to address this challenge have focused on developing fast respond sensors that can be incorporated into the magnets. The ideal approach, however, is to develop a self-monitoring HTS wire that instantly responds to stress changes occurring at the beginning of a quench condition. This advance self-monitoring wire would provide a level of quench protection not available with existing systems and ensure the reliable operation of critical and costly magnet systems.

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X-ray Diffraction Study of Bi2212 Superconducting Powders

Solid Material Solutions, LLC (SMS)(10/22/14 - 4/21/15)

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X-ray Diffraction Study of Bi2212 Superconducting Powders

Sponsor: Solid Material Solutions, LLC (SMS)

Start Date: 10/22/14

End Date: 4/21/15

Abstract

Bi2212 oxidized powder samples will be provided by SMS for XRD analysis at NCSU (initially two samples with up to seven samples in total in this first phase). NCSU will mount each sample on a glass slide or similar using a fixing material such as collodion and then perform a theta-2theta XRD scan of each powder. The scan range will be from about 20 degrees to about 70 degrees slowly enough to obtain good resolution of peaks that are as small as 2% of the biggest peak. NCSU will analyze the results and provide hard-copy and electronic results for each scan with the Bi2212 peaks superimposed. Other common secondary phase peaks will also be identified or superimposed. All raw data will also be provided electronically.

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Optical Fiber Quench Detection Studies for US4 Superconducting Magnets

US Navy - Naval Surface Warfare Center(7/17/15 - 9/30/16)

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Optical Fiber Quench Detection Studies for US4 Superconducting Magnets

Sponsor: US Navy - Naval Surface Warfare Center

Start Date: 7/17/15

End Date: 9/30/16

Abstract

This ITAR-restricted project focuses on developing optical fiber sensors for the Navy US4 program

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Collaborative Study of Bi2212 Wires

US Dept. of Energy (DOE)(9/08/14 - 12/31/16)

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Collaborative Study of Bi2212 Wires

Sponsor: US Dept. of Energy (DOE)

Start Date: 9/08/14

End Date: 12/31/16

Abstract

Bi2212 wire performance depends strongly on the nanoscale structures, including the presence of remnant phases at grain boundaries and Bi2201 intergrowths. In this collaborative work, Fermilab will provide Bi2212 wire samples of different powder stoichiometry so NCSU can investigate their structures using specialized NCSU facilities. Scientific results will be shared and published jointly.

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Stability, Quench Propagation and Conductor Degradation of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox Round Wires for High Field Magnet Application

US Dept. of Energy (DOE)(1/06/14 - 12/18/15)

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Stability, Quench Propagation and Conductor Degradation of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox Round Wires for High Field Magnet Application

Sponsor: US Dept. of Energy (DOE)

Start Date: 1/06/14

End Date: 12/18/15

Abstract

Abstract To construct strong focusing magnets (30+ T) for final muon cooling in the proposed muon collider, Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox (Bi-2212) round wire has been considered as the best candidate material for the insert coil, by taking advantage of its high critical field up to 100 T at 4.2 K and nearly field-independent current density over a wide range of magnetic field up to 50 T at 4.2 K. For such high field magnet application, a key issue is the quench detection and protection, especially while the normal zones propagation velocity (NZPV) in HTS conductors is much lower than that of LTS mainly due to the larger thermal margin in HTS. Without a quick quench detection and reliable protection method, HTS magnet system will be at constant risks of being damaged. Hence, the following research work will be performed to fundamentally solve this challenging issue. Firstly, to provide an effective quench protection method, a large inventory of Bi2212 conductors in Fermilab, including high-density samples using cold and hot isotactic pressing and samples with various wire architectures, will be experimentally tested to determine their quench degradation limits, and then investigated at the microstructure level with advanced microscopy to uncover the degradation mechanisms in Bi2212 wires due to quenching. Secondly, the novel quench detection methods for HTS magnet will be evaluated, including acoustic emission sensor and fiber optics. These new methods is more focusing to monitor the mechanical and thermal events that occur with a quench or even induce the magnet quenching, such as conductor motion, epoxy cracks and thermal disturbance. Compared to the traditional voltage measurement, these innovated methods hold the potential to feedback a much earlier detection or even forecast the magnet quench events.

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Direct and Inverse Design Optimization Of Magnetic Alloys with Minimized Use of Rare Earth Elements

US Air Force - Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)(11/30/-1 - 10/31/15)

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Direct and Inverse Design Optimization Of Magnetic Alloys with Minimized Use of Rare Earth Elements

Sponsor: US Air Force - Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)

Start Date: 11/30/-1

End Date: 10/31/15

Abstract

We will carry out experimental work to complement the computational studies at FIU which will predict alloys that may have good ferromagnetic properties and do not contain rare earth elements. The alloys will be prepared at NCSU and the magnetic and other properties determined at NCSU.

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Electrical Energy Storage System by SMES Method for Ultra-High Power and Energy Density - Phase II

US Air Force - Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)(12/05/13 - 12/04/16)

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Electrical Energy Storage System by SMES Method for Ultra-High Power and Energy Density - Phase II

Sponsor: US Air Force - Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)

Start Date: 12/05/13

End Date: 12/04/16

Abstract

The Tai-Yang Research Company (TYRC) of Tallahassee, FL in collaboration with Dr. Justin Schwartz of the North Carolina State University (NCSU) in Raleigh, NC and SuperPower Inc. of Schenectady, NY proposes to design, fabricate, and test a prototype Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) conductor with significantly enhanced critical current Ic in large background magnetic fields in Phase 1 STTR effort. Large current carrying capacity conductors are a critical requirement for a high energy density SMES operating at low voltages. In this Phase 2 STTR, TYRC will expand its collaboration effort, to include the Center for Advanced Power Systems (CAPS) Tallahassee, FL.

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