Joseph Tracy

Professor

University Faculty Scholar

919-513-2623
jbtracy@ncsu.edu
Engineering Building I (EB1) 3074D
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Many kinds of nanoscale materials have size- and shape-tunable physical properties arising from their reduced dimensions and high surface area to volume ratio. We prepare colloidal magnetic, metallic, and semiconductor nanoparticles using a “bottom-up” approach starting from molecular precursors. Surface functionalization allows for integration with other kinds of materials, such as polymers and biological systems. Applying magnetic fields to suspensions of magnetic nanoparticles drives their assembly into chains, altering their magnetic and mechanical properties. The surface plasmon resonance of noble metal nanoparticles is sensitive to interparticle coupling and is useful for photothermal heating. Semiconductor quantum dots have high fluorescence quantum yields and are not susceptible to photobleaching.

Dr. Tracy’s research interests include the synthesis, characterization, and self-assembly of colloidal magnetic, metallic, and semiconductor nanoparticles, and their applications in composite materials, medicine, and catalysis.

Education

Ph.D. 2005

Physical Chemistry

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

B.S. 2000

Chemistry

University of California, Santa Barbara

Publications

Quantification of Interface-Dependent Plasmon Quality Factors Using Single-Beam Nonlinear Optical Interferometry: Zhao, T., Steves, M. A., Chapman, B. S., Tracy, J. B., & Knappenberger, K. L. (2018), ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 90(22), 13702–13707. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04101
Understanding and Controlling the Morphology of Silica Shells on Gold Nanorods: Rowe, L. R., Chapman, B. S., & Tracy, J. B. (2018), CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS, 30(18), 6249–6258. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00794
Heteroaggregation approach for depositing magnetite nanoparticles onto silica-overcoated gold nanorods: Chapman, B. S., Wu, W. C., Lo, Q. C., Holten-Andersen, N., & Tracy, J. B. (2017), Chemistry of Materials, 29(24), 10362–10368.
Chained Iron Microparticles for Directionally Controlled Actuation of Soft Robots: Schmauch, M. M., Mishra, S. R., Evans, B. A., Velev, O. D., & Tracy, J. B. (2017), ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 9(13), 11895–11901. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b01209
Direct monitoring of pulmonary disease treatment biomarkers using plasmonic gold nanorods with diffusion-sensitive OCT: Blackmon, R. L., Kreda, S. M., Sears, P. R., Chapman, B. S., Hill, D. B., Tracy, J. B., … Oldenburg, A. L. (2017), Nanoscale, 9(15), 4907–4917.
Enhanced Electrochemical Lithium-Ion Charge Storage of Iron Oxide Nanosheets: Niu, S., McFeron, R., Godı́nez-Salomón, F., Chapman, B. S., Damin, C. A., Tracy, J. B., … Rhodes, C. P. (2017), Chemistry of Materials, 29(18), 7794–7807. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b02315
Microwave Enhancement of Autocatalytic Growth of Nanometals: Ashley, B., Vakil, P. N., Lynch, B. B., Dyer, C. M., Tracy, J. B., Owens, J., & Strouse, G. F. (2017), ACS Nano, 11(10), 9957–9967. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.7b04040
Nanoscale steady-state temperature gradients within polymer nanocomposites undergoing continuous-wave photothermal heating from gold nanorods: Maity, S., Wu, W.-C., Tracy, J. B., Clarke, L. I., & Bochinski, J. R. (2017), Nanoscale, 9(32), 11605–11618.
Size and Composition Control of {CoNi} Nanoparticles and Their Conversion into Phosphides: Marusak, K. E., Johnston-Peck, A. C., Wu, W.-C., Anderson, B. D., & Tracy, J. B. (2017). Size and Composition Control of CoNi Nanoparticles and Their Conversion into Phosphides. Chemistry of Materials, 29(7), 2739–2747. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b04335,
Imaging Extracellular Matrix Remodeling In Vitro by Diffusion-Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography: Blackmon, R. L., Sandhu, R., Chapman, B. S., Casbas-Hernandez, P., Tracy, J. B., Troester, M. A., & Oldenburg, A. L. (2016), Biophysical Journal, 110(8), 1858–1868.
Selective and directional actuation of elastomer films using chained magnetic nanoparticles: Mishra, S. R., Dickey, M. D., Velev, O. D., & Tracy, J. B. (2016), Nanoscale, 8(3), 1309–1313.
Silica Overcoating of CdSe/CdS Core/Shell Quantum Dot Nanorods with Controlled Morphologies: Anderson, B. D., Wu, W.-C., & Tracy, J. B. (2016), Chemistry of Materials, 28(14), 4945–4952.
A dual wavelength-activatable gold nanorod complex for synergistic cancer treatment: Pacardo, D. B., Neupane, B., Rikard, S. M., Lu, Y., Mo, R., Mishra, S. R., … Gu, Z. (2015), Nanoscale, 7(28), 12096–12103.
Large-Scale Silica Overcoating of Gold Nanorods with Tunable Shell Thicknesses: Wu, W.-C., & Tracy, J. B. (2015), Chemistry of Materials, 27(8), 2888–2894.
Photochemical synthesis of size-tailored hexagonal ZnS quantum dots: Gonzalez, C. M., Wu, W.-C., Tracy, J. B., & Martin, B. (2015), Chemical Communications, 51(15), 3087–3090.
Thermal Stability of Gold Nanoparticles Embedded within Metal Oxide Frameworks Fabricated by Hybrid Modifications onto Sacrificial Textile Templates: Padbury, R. P., Halbur, J. C., Krommenhoek, P. J., Tracy, J. B., & Jur, J. S. (2015), Langmuir, 31(3), 1135–1141.
Aerosynthesis: Growth of Vertically-aligned Carbon Nanofibres with Air DC Plasma: Kodumagulla, A., Varanasi, V., Pearce, R. C., Wu, W. C., Hensley, D. K., Tracy, J. B., … Melechko, A. V. (2014), Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, 4.
Control of Branching in Ni3C1-x Nanoparticles and Their Conversion into Ni12P5 Nanoparticles: Sarac, M. F., Wu, W.-C., & Tracy, J. B. (2014), Chemistry of Materials, 26(10), 3057–3064.
Large-scale silica overcoating of gold nanorods and their thermal stability: Wu, W.-C., & Tracy, J. B. (2014), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 248.
Large-scale silica overcoating of gold nanorods with tunable shell thicknesses: Wu, W.-C., & Tracy, J. B. (2014), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 248.
Nanoparticle conversion chemistry: Kirkendall effect, galvanic exchange, and anion exchange: Anderson, B. D., & Tracy, J. B. (2014), Nanoscale, 6(21), 12195–12216.
Probing biological nanotopology via diffusion of weakly constrained plasmonic nanorods with optical coherence tomography: Chhetri, R. K., Blackmon, R. L., Wu, W.-C., Hill, D. B., Button, B., Casbas-Hernandez, P., … Oldenburg, A. L. (2014), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(41), E4289–E4297.
Spatial temperature mapping within polymer nanocomposites undergoing ultrafast photothermal heating via gold nanorods: Maity, S., Wu, W.-C., Xu, C., Tracy, J. B., Gundogdu, K., Bochinski, J. R., & Clarke, L. I. (2014), Nanoscale, 6(24), 15236–15247.
Thermal stability of silica-coated and uncoated gold nanorods in different environments: Wu, W.-C., & Tracy, J. B. (2014), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 248.
Large-scale synthesis of gold nanorods through continuous secondary growth: Kozek, K. A., Kozek, K. M., Wu, W. C., Mishra, S. R., & Tracy, J. B. (2013), Chemistry of Materials, 25(22), 4537–4544.
Magnetic field-directed self-assembly of magnetic nanoparticles: Tracy, J. B., & Crawford, T. M. (2013), MRS Bulletin, 38(11), 915–920.
Airbrushed Nickel Nanoparticles for Large-Area Growth of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanofibers on Metal (Al, Cu, Ti) Surfaces: Sarac, M. F., Anderson, B. D., Pearce, R. C., Railsback, J. G., Oni, A. A., White, R. M., … Tracy, J. B. (2013), Acs Applied Materials & Interfaces, 5(18), 8955–8960.
Airbrushed nickel nanoparticles for large-area growth of vertically aligned carbon nanofibers on metal surfaces and their transfer into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films for impalefection: Sarac, M. F., Pearce, R. C., Anderson, B. D., Railsback, J. G., Hensley, D. K., McKnight, T. E., … Melechko, A. V. (2013), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 245.
Anisotropic Thermal Processing of Polymer Nanocomposites via the Photothermal Effect of Gold Nanorods: Maity, S., Kozek, K. A., Wu, W.-C., Tracy, J. B., Bochinski, J. R., & Clarke, L. I. (2013), Particle & Particle Systems Characterization, 30(2), 193–202.
Bulky adamantanethiolate and cyclohexanethiolate ligands favor smaller gold nanoparticles with altered discrete sizes: Krommenhoek, P. J., Wang, J., Hentz, N., Johnston-Peck, A. C., Kozek, K. A., Kalyuzhny, G., & Tracy, J. B. (2013), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 245.
Composition-Mediated Order-Disorder Transformation in FePt Nanoparticles: Johnston-Peck, A. C., Cullen, D. A., & Tracy, J. B. (2013), Particle & Particle Systems Characterization, 30(8), 678–682.
Control of branching in dendritic Ni3C1-x nanoparticles and their conversion into phosphides: Sarac, M. F., Wu, W.-C., & Tracy, J. B. (2013), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 246.
Large-Scale Synthesis of Gold Nanorods through Continuous Secondary Growth: Kozek, K. A., Kozek, K. M., Wu, W.-C., Mishra, S. R., & Tracy, J. B. (2013), Chemistry of Materials, 25(22), 4537–4544.
Magnetic Field-Directed Self-Assembly of Magnetic Nanoparticle Chains in Bulk Polymers: Krommenhoek, P. J., & Tracy, J. B. (2013), Particle & Particle Systems Characterization, 30(9), 759–763.
Magnetic field-directed self-assembly of magnetic nanoparticle chains in bulk polymers: Krommenhoek, P. J., Spontak, R. J., & Tracy, J. B. (2013), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 245.
Magnetic field-directed self-assembly of magnetic nanoparticles: Tracy, J. B., & Crawford, T. M. (2013), Mrs Bulletin, 38(11), 915–920.
Motility-, autocorrelation-, and polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography discriminates cells and gold nanorods within 3D tissue cultures: Oldenburg, A. L., Chhetri, R. K., Cooper, J. M., Wu, W.-C., Troester, M. A., & Tracy, J. B. (2013), Optics Letters, 38(15), 2923–2926.
Nanostructural transformations during the reduction of hollow and porous nickel oxide nanoparticles: Medford, J. A., Johnston-Peck, A. C., & Tracy, J. B. (2013), Nanoscale, 5(1), 155–159.
Transfer of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanofibers to Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) While Maintaining their Alignment and Impalefection Functionality: Pearce, R. C., Railsback, J. G., Anderson, B. D., Sarac, M. F., McKnight, T. E., Tracy, J. B., & Melechko, A. V. (2013), Acs Applied Materials & Interfaces, 5(3), 878–882.
Bulky Adamantanethiolate and Cyclohexanethiolate Ligands Favor Smaller Gold Nanoparticles with Altered Discrete Sizes: Krommenhoek, P. J., Wang, J., Hentz, N., Johnston-Peck, A. C., Kozek, K. A., Kalyuzhny, G., & Tracy, J. B. (2012), Acs Nano, 6(6), 4903–4911.
Enabling of nanoparticle application and function on the surface of fibrous textiles by atomic layer deposition: Halbur, J., Krommenhoek, P. J., Everitt, H. O., Tracy, J. B., & Jur, J. S. (2012), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 243.
Large-scale synthesis of gold nanorods through continuous secondary growth: Kozek, K. A., Kozek, K. M., Wu, W.-C., & Tracy, J. B. (2012), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 244.
Laterally patterned magnetic nanoparticles: Jie, Y., Niskala, J. R., Johnston-Peck, A. C., Krommenhoek, P. J., Tracy, J. B., Fan, H., & You, W. (2012), Journal of Materials Chemistry, 22(5), 1962–1968.
Long-range alignment of gold nanorods in electrospun polymer nano/microfibers: Kozek, K. A., Roskov, K. E., Wu, W.-C., Chhetri, R. K., Oldenburg, A. L., Spontak, R. J., & Tracy, J. B. (2012), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 243.
Phase transformation of alumina-coated FePt nanoparticles: Johnston-Peck, A. C., & Tracy, J. B. (2012), Journal of Applied Physics, 111(7).
Coating Alumina on Catalytic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Synthesizing Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays: Wang, X., Krommenhoek, P. J., Bradford, P. D., Gong, B., Tracy, J. B., Parsons, G. N., … Zhu, Y. T. (2011), Acs Applied Materials & Interfaces, 3(11), 4180–4184.
Effects of Ligand Monolayers on Catalytic Nickel Nanoparticles for Synthesizing Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanofibers: Sarac, M. F., Wilson, R. M., Johnston-Peck, A. C., Wang, J., Pearce, R., Klein, K. L., … Tracy, J. B. (2011), Acs Applied Materials & Interfaces, 3(4), 936–940.
Formation and Grain Analysis of Spin-Cast Magnetic Nanoparticle Monolayers: Johnston-Peck, A. C., Wang, J. W., & Tracy, J. B. (2011), Langmuir, 27(8), 5040–5046.
H-1, C-13 and P-31 NMR study of precursor evolution in the synthesis of magic-size II-VI semiconductor nanocrystals: Rachtman, E., Jung, M., Johnston-Peck, A. C., Tracy, J. B., & Kalyuzhny, G. (2011), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 241.
Imaging three-dimensional rotational diffusion of plasmon resonant gold nanorods using polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography: Chhetri, R. K., Kozek, K. A., Johnston-Peck, A. C., Tracy, J. B., & Oldenburg, A. L. (2011), Physical Review E, 83(4).
Long-Range Alignment of Gold Nanorods in Electrospun Polymer Nano/Microfibers: Roskov, K. E., Kozek, K. A., Wu, W.-C., Chhetri, R. K., Oldenburg, A. L., Spontak, R. J., & Tracy, J. B. (2011), Langmuir, 27(23), 13965–13969.
Silver nanoparticles stabilized by sterically-bulky ligands: Kozek, K. A., Johnston-Peck, A. C., Wang, J., & Tracy, J. B. (2011), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 242.
Sinter-free phase conversion and scanning transmission electron microscopy of FePt nanoparticle monolayers: Johnston-Peck, A. C., Scarel, G., Wang, J., Parsons, G. N., & Tracy, J. B. (2011), Nanoscale, 3(10), 4142–4149.
Synthesis and optical properties of nanocrystals, nanowires, and nanoplates of ZnSe and ZnTe: Gong, K., Johnston-Peck, A. C., Tracy, J. B., & Kalyuzhny, G. (2011), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 241.
Synthesis of Au(Core)/Ag(Shell) Nanoparticles and their Conversion to AuAg Alloy Nanoparticles: Shore, M. S., Wang, J. W., Johnston-Peck, A. C., Oldenburg, A. L., & Tracy, J. B. (2011), Small, 7(2), 230–234.
Synthesis of ligand-stabilized CoNi nanoparticles with tunable sizes and compositions: Marusak, K. E., Johnston-Peck, A. C., & Tracy, J. B. (2011), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 242.
Nanostructural transformations during reactions of metal nanoparticles: Tracy, J. B. (2010), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 239.
Size-Dependent Nanoscale Kirkendall Effect During the Oxidation of Nickel Nanoparticles: RAILSBACK, J. G., JOHNSTON-PECK, A. C., WANG, J. W., & TRACY, J. B. (2010), ACS NANO, 4(4), 1913–1920.
COLL 111-Formation and grain analysis of magnetic nanoparticle monolayers: Johnston-Peck, A. C., Wang, J., & Tracy, J. B. (2009), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 238.
Nickel Phosphide Nanoparticles with Hollow, Solid, and Amorphous Structures: WANG, J. W., JOHNSTON-PECK, A. C., & TRACY, J. B. (2009), CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS, 21(19), 4462–4467.
Synthesis and Structural and Magnetic Characterization of Ni(Core)/NiO(Shell) Nanoparticles: JOHNSTON-PECK, A. C., WANG, J. W., & TRACY, J. B. (2009), ACS NANO, 3(5), 1077–1084.
Tandem Mass Spectrometry of Thiolate-Protected Au Nanoparticles NaxAu25(SC2H4Ph)(18-y)(S(C2H4O)(5)CH3)(y): FIELDS-ZINNA, C. A., SAMPSON, J. S., CROWE, M. C., TRACY, J. B., PARKER, J. F., DENEY, A. M., … MURRAY, R. W. (2009), JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 131(38), 13844–13851.
Gold nanoparticles with perfluorothiolate ligands: DASS, A., GUO, R., TRACY, J. B., BALASUBRAMANIAN, R., DOUGLAS, A. D., & MURRAY, R. W. (2008), LANGMUIR, 24(1), 310–315.
INOR 620-Exchange bias and the magnetic properties of oxidized nickel nanoparticles: WANG, J. W., JOHNSTON-PECK, A. C., & TRACY, J. B. (2008), ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 236.
Incorporation of iron oxide nanoplarticles and quantum dots into silica microspheres: INSIN, N., TRACY, J. B., LEE, H., ZIMMER, J. P., WESTERVELT, R. M., & BAWENDI, M. G. (2008), ACS NANO, 2(2), 197–202.
NUCL 27-Magnetic and metallic monolayer-protected nanoparticles: TRACY, J. B. (2008), ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 236.
Nanoparticle MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry without fragmentation: Au-25(SCH2CH2Ph)(18) and mixed monolayer Au-25(SCH2CH2Ph)(18-x)(L)(x): DASS, A., STEVENSON, A., DUBAY, G. R., TRACY, J. B., & MURRAY, R. W. (2008), JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 130(18), 5940–5946.
Size limitations for the formation of ordered striped nanoparticles: CARNEY, R. P., DEVRIES, G. A., DUBOIS, C., KIM, H., KIM, J. Y., SINGH, C., … STELLACCI, F. (2008), JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 130(3), 798-+.
COLL 242-Nanoparticle-based optical probes for chemical imaging: Tracy, J. B., Crowe, M. C., Fields-Zinna, C. A., Parker, J. F., Kalyuzhny, G., Menard, L. D., … Murray, R. W. (2007), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 233.
COLL 270-Fluorinated gold thiolate nanoparticles by Brust synthesis and ligand exchange: Dass, A., Gao, R., Balasubramanian, R., Douglas, A. D., Tracy, J. B., & Murray, R. W. (2007), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 234.
Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of uniform and mixed monolayer nanoparticles: Au-25[S(CH2)(2)Ph](18) and Au-25[S(CH2)(2)Ph](18-x)(SR)(x): TRACY, J. B., CROWE, M. C., PARKER, J. F., HAMPE, O., FIELDS-ZINNA, C. A., DASS, A., & MURRAY, R. W. (2007), JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 129(51), 16209–16215.
Fully ferrocenated hexanethiolate monolayer-protected gold clusters: WOLFE, R. L., BALASUBRAMANIAN, R., TRACY, J. B., & MURRAY, R. W. (2007), LANGMUIR, 23(4), 2247–2254.
INOR 434-Incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles and quantum dots into silica microspheres: Insin, N., Tracy, J. B., Lee, H., Zimmer, J. P., Westervelt, R. M., & Bawendi, M. G. (2007), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 234.
Poly(ethylene glycol) ligands for high-resolution nanoparticle mass spectrometry: TRACY, J. B., KALYUZHNY, G., CROWE, M. C., BALASUBRAMANIAN, R., CHOI, J. P., & MURRAY, R. W. (2007), JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 129(21), 6706-+.
Preparation and characterization of bimetal thiolate monolayer protected clusters (MPCs): Fields-Zinna, C. A., Tracy, J. B., Crowe, M. C., & Murray, R. W. (2007), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 234.
Arylthiolate-protected silver quantum dots: BRANHAM, M. R., DOUGLAS, A. D., MILLS, A. J., TRACY, J. B., WHITE, P. S., & MURRAY, R. W. (2006), LANGMUIR, 22(26), 11376–11383.
COLL 236-Characterization of small Au monolayer protected clusters using electrospray mass spectrometry: Tracy, J. B., Kalyuzhny, G., Menard, L. D., Balasubramanian, R., Choi, J.-P., Crowe, M. C., … Murray, R. W. (2006), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 232.
Chemistry of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles: Characterization of small Au nanoparticles using electrospray mass spectrometry: Tracy, J. B., Kalyuzhny, G., Menard, L. D., Balasubramanian, R., Choi, J.-P., Crowe, M. C., … Murray, R. W. (2006), Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 232, 18.
Defects in CoO in oxidized cobalt nanoparticles dominate exchange biasing and exhibit anomalous magnetic properties: TRACY, J. B., & BAWENDI, M. G. (2006), PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 74(18).
Engineering InAsxP1-x/InP/ZnSe III-V alloyed core/shell quantum dots for the near-infrared: KIM, S. W., ZIMMER, J. P., OHNISHI, S., TRACY, J. B., FRANGIONI, J. V., & BAWENDI, M. G. (2005), JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 127(30), 10526–10532.
Exchange biasing and magnetic properties of partially and fully oxidized colloidal cobalt nanoparticles: TRACY, J. B., WEISS, D. N., DINEGA, D. P., & BAWENDI, M. G. (2005), PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 72(6).
Phosphine oxide polymer for water-soluble nanoparticles: KIM, S. W., KIM, S., TRACY, J. B., JASANOFF, A., & BAWENDI, M. G. (2005), JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 127(13), 4556–4557.
Preparation, characterization and applications of free-standing single walled carbon nanotube thin films: HENNRICH, F., LEBEDKIN, S., MALIK, S., TRACY, J., BARCZEWSKI, M., ROSNER, H., & KAPPES, M. (2002), PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS, 4(11), 2273–2277.
The effect of oxidation state and speciation on XANES spectra of plutonium.: VEIRS, D. K., CONRADSON, S. D., CLARK, D. L., KEOGH, D. W., NEU, M. P., REILLY, S. D., … TRACY, J. B. (1999), ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 217, U59.

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Materials Science and Engineering